How to Plant a Lemon Seed: Simple Step-by-Step Guide

Plant a lemon seed by extracting it from a fresh lemon, rinsing off pulp, and soaking in water for 8 hours. Plant 1/2 inch deep in well-draining potting mix, keep soil moist at 70-85°F (21-29°C), and expect sprouts in 2-6 weeks with consistent warmth and indirect sunlight.

Have you ever wondered what to do with that lemon seed you almost tossed in the trash? Growing your own lemon tree from seed is simpler than you think—and incredibly rewarding. Whether you're a beginner gardener or looking for a family-friendly project, this guide delivers everything you need to transform a grocery store lemon into a thriving citrus plant. Forget complicated gardening jargon; we've distilled decades of horticultural expertise into clear, actionable steps that work.

What You'll Need Before Planting

Starting with quality materials makes all the difference in successful germination. Here's exactly what to gather:

• Fresh lemon seeds (from organic lemons to avoid growth inhibitors)
• Seed-starting mix (pH 6.0-7.5, per University of Florida IFAS guidelines)
• 4-inch pots with drainage holes
• Small spray bottle for misting
• Plastic wrap or humidity dome
• Thermometer for monitoring soil temperature

Pro tip: Save multiple seeds from different lemons. Not all will germinate, and citrus grown from seed often produces thorny, non-fruiting trees—but they make beautiful ornamental plants.

Step-by-Step Planting Process

Follow these precise steps for maximum germination success:

1. Seed selection: Choose plump, white seeds (avoid dried or discolored ones)
2. Cleaning: Rinse under cool water, removing all pulp that inhibits germination
3. Soaking: Submerge in room-temperature water for 8 hours (never longer than 24 hours)
4. Planting: Fill pot with moistened soil, plant seed 1/2 inch deep pointy-end down
5. Moisture control: Mist soil surface, cover with plastic wrap, and place in warm spot

Germination Stage	Timeline	Care Requirements
Seed swelling	24-48 hours	Maintain 75°F (24°C) soil temperature
Root emergence	1-3 weeks	Keep soil consistently moist (not soggy)
Shoot appearance	3-6 weeks	Provide 6-8 hours indirect sunlight daily
True leaves	8-10 weeks	Begin weekly diluted fertilizer applications

Critical Growth Conditions

Your seedling's survival depends on these non-negotiable factors:

Temperature Requirements

Lemon seeds require consistent warmth for germination. The USU Extension confirms citrus seeds germinate best between 70-85°F (21-29°C). Below 65°F (18°C), germination slows dramatically or stops completely. Use a seedling heat mat for consistent bottom warmth—this simple tool doubles success rates according to horticultural studies.

Light Management

After sprouting, provide 6-8 hours of bright, indirect light daily. Direct midday sun burns tender seedlings. A south-facing windowsill works in winter, but summer requires filtered light. If growing indoors year-round, use a 6500K LED grow light positioned 12 inches above plants for 12 hours daily.

Avoiding Common Pitfalls

Most failed attempts stem from these preventable mistakes:

• Overwatering: Soggy soil causes seed rot. Water only when top inch feels dry
• Poor drainage: Always use pots with drainage holes—terracotta works best
• Impatience: Some seeds take 6 weeks to sprout. Don't discard pots prematurely
• Tap water issues: Chlorine inhibits growth. Use filtered or rainwater when possible

When transplanting to larger pots (at 6-8 inches tall), maintain the same soil depth. Citrus roots dislike disturbance, so handle seedlings by leaves, not stems. Expect slow growth the first year—this establishes crucial root development.

Realistic Expectations for Home Growers

Understanding these context boundaries prevents disappointment:

• Lemon trees grown from seed take 3-6 years to potentially fruit (if they fruit at all)
• Grocery store lemons often come from grafted trees—seedlings may differ from parent
• Indoor trees rarely fruit without professional greenhouse conditions
• Seed-grown trees develop thorns (unlike grafted nursery trees)

The USDA Agricultural Research Service notes that seed-grown citrus typically produces inferior fruit compared to grafted varieties. However, your tree will still provide beautiful foliage, fragrant blossoms, and the satisfaction of growing from seed. For edible fruit, consider air-layering or grafting onto your seedling after 2-3 years.

When to Seek Professional Help

If your seedling shows these warning signs after following proper care:

• Complete leaf drop within 2 weeks of sprouting
• Blackened stem base (root rot)
• No growth after 8 weeks with proper conditions
• Sticky residue or webbing (pest infestation)

Contact your local cooperative extension service for region-specific advice. These government-supported programs provide free, science-based gardening assistance—find yours at nifa.usda.gov.

Can I grow a lemon tree from supermarket lemon seeds?

Yes, but with caveats. Supermarket lemons often come from grafted trees, so seedlings may not produce identical fruit. Organic lemons work best since conventional ones may have growth inhibitors. Expect ornamental value first, possible fruiting after 3-6 years.

How long does it take for lemon seeds to sprout?

Typically 2-6 weeks under ideal conditions (70-85°F with consistent moisture). Some seeds may take up to 8 weeks. Maintain warmth and moisture—don't discard pots prematurely.

Why are my lemon seedlings growing slowly?

Citrus seedlings grow slowly initially while establishing root systems. First-year growth of 6-12 inches is normal. Ensure proper light (6-8 hours indirect sun), consistent watering, and monthly diluted fertilizer. Patience is essential—this establishes strong foundation for future growth.

Do lemon trees grown from seed produce fruit?

Possibly, but not guaranteed. Seed-grown citrus takes 3-6 years to potentially fruit, and the fruit may differ from the parent lemon. Most home growers enjoy these as ornamental plants. For reliable fruiting, grafting onto the seedling after 2-3 years is recommended.